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Ring E: 13/22: Henaudute |
Muke Tever | ||
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| << Jovian | Nesheti >> |
Phaiale mêmnôs neu, halupre leu terulse kethanda hernezê isomithan rheu nerukhie. Larlasitrana, rhalûrale rhênein, pallê, lûen, dulsan êân, bralto, khâuen, imen, igan, tokhen îthân, marizan, hophan notorrhothan (ha sisandar aitthê têre takhsitrena,) has bdanzanan, khilthan khezapas. Kratêrana, lulukule rhênein, tokhen, has pallê; phinni, tiluthle lûen, imen, igan, marizan, sisandaran, has bdanzanan. Nelukhile pnoran, has elutele rheu struan lairina, mêlumane teu mourama has imaldralulle teu hamana. |
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If you ask my mother, she'll be glad to tell you how to make her favorite dish. In the kitchen, you'll prepare beef, tubers, water, flour of oat, or wheat, grease, salt, a lot of onion, pepper, five-flavored seed (that's called "sisandare" in the market) and sauce, like "khezape". In a bowl, you'll chop the beef, onion, and tubers; then, you'll mix the water, grease, salt, pepper, sisandare, and sauce. You'll make a paste, and wrap in it a dollop of the filling. You'll put them in the fryer and fry them in oil. |
Grammar |
※ |
Henaudute is for the most part a straightforward language. The hardest part is probably the verbal infixes that mark tense, etc. For convenience, the infixation points are given in the vocabulary, marked by the symbol "·".
Verbs are quoted in the first person singular, present tense. (If necessary, a second, "separated" form is given with the infix point.)
Inflections
Suffixes
The suffixes indicate person agreement.
| sg | pl | |
|---|---|---|
| 1p | -ne | -ke |
| 2p | -le | -ge |
| 3p | -re | -te |
Infixes
The infixes mark tense.
| -lu- | future |
| -nu- | past |
| -0- | present |
All adjectives are deverbal forms, regularly produced by replacing the person marker with the nominal stem -tha-, e.g. imaldralne "fry" -> imaldraltha "frying".
Comparison
Indicated by prefixes:
| am- | comparative |
| is- | superlative |
| khil- | equative |
The orthography is regular. Circumflexes mark long vowels, which may be morphemically long, or simply a sequence of short vowels across morphemes (e.g. /a-a/ = /a:/), although /e-e/ and /o-o/ are pronounced [ei] and [ou], respectively.
Nouns
Nouns come in three classes, referred to as genders (t. = tan "fire", l. = lûe "water, g. = garê "earth"). These affect declension. Adjectives agree with their heads in gender.
Declension:
| tan | lûe | garê | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| sg. | pl. | sg. | pl. | sg. | pl. | |
| nom | + | -î | -e | -i | -ê | -ê |
| acc | -ên | -jen | +en | -jan | -an | -ê |
| dat | -ês | -jes | +es | -jas | -as | -ês |
| gen | -a | +in | +en | +in | +na | -ana |
| iness | -nê | -îna | -na | +ina | -ana | -ena |
| abess | -le | -lî | -la | -li | -ela | -ala |
| illat | -mê | -mî | -ma | -mi | -ama | -amê |
| ablat | -ôs | -jôs | +s | -jas | -ês | -êsa |
("+" before a suffix indicates the stem vowel, if any, is to be retained, while "-" before a suffix indicates that the stem vowel, if any, is to be dropped.)
Nouns are given in the nominative singular, followed by the genitive singular. This assures the stem-vowelled (if any) and stem-nonvowelled form will always be known.
Ah! I forgot the pronouns. They're glossed already, but I failed to mention that they only have two cases, nominative and oblique, and that the latter (at least for the pronouns represented here) is the nominative with an ending in -u.
Vocabulary |
※ |
| a·itne | name, call |
| bdanzanê, -ana | sauce (g.) |
| bralto | or |
| dulsê, -una | flour (g.) |
| êi, êân | oat (l.) |
| e·tune | wrap |
| khâ, khâuen | wheat (l.) |
| ha | relative pronoun |
| hamê, -mna | oil (g.) |
| has | and |
| ha·pne | be glad |
| hernezê, herneina | meal, food (g.) |
| ho·mine | to favor, like |
| hophê, -phna | seed (g.) |
| igê, igna | salt (g.) |
| imaldra·lne | fry |
| ime, imen | grease, fat (l.) |
| îne, i·i- | to be many, much |
| kethanda | how, in what way |
| khezapê, -pna | (foreign word) (g.) |
| khi·lne | to be like |
| kratêrê, -rna | bowl (g.) |
| lairê, -ina | filling (g.) |
| larlasitrê, -ana | kitchen (g.) |
| le | second-person singular pronoun |
| lûe, -en | water (l.) |
| lu·kune | chop |
| marizê, -ana | black pepper (g.) |
| mêmne, -na | mother (t.) |
| mourê, -una | sieve, strainer, latticed container (g.) |
| ne | first-person singular pronoun |
| ne·khine | make ACC |
| noto·rrhone | to have five flavors |
| pallê, -ana | a kind of tuber (g.) |
| phêne, pha·a- | ask ACC of ABL |
| phinni | now, at this time |
| pnorê, -ana | dough, paste, pasta (g.) |
| rha·urane | prepare |
| rhe | third-person singular pronoun |
| rhêne, -ein | beef (l.) |
| sisandarê, -rna | (foreign word) (g.) |
| struê, struana | dollop, medium-sized indeterminate amount (g.) |
| takhsitrê, -ana | market (g.) |
| te | third-person plural pronoun |
| te·lne | say ACC to DAT |
| tê·ne | be |
| ti·thne | mix |
| tokhe, -en | onion (l.) |
Remarks |
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I don't know what kind of cultures this recipe's passed through, especially since a few people seem to have passed on it, but I had to change a couple things. First off, the Jovian had "corn" and "potatoes", things unknown to Henaudute speakers (the plants grow on their world, surely, but they haven't encountered them yet). The text also came with the word "ketchup" intact. Rather than find an analog - no tomatoes either, for one, much less full ketchup - I just borrowed the word whole, respelling it to something that'd make sense in Henaudute script, [k_hedZap], even though it'd leave an actual Hena scratching his/her head.
Surprising how comprehensible this text was. Possibly translating out of a Romance language had something to do with it (I could tell it was a recipe before I even got to the vocabulary list!)
Also surprised by my own language, as it was a lot more mellifluous than I remember it being o-o
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